Biochemistry is one of the three pillars of preclinical medicine. To most medical students, the other two, anatomy and physiology, are not nearly as daunting as biochemistry. This is because of how abstract and out-of-touch biochemistry is. Unlike the human anatomy, which is tangible, you cannot watch the process of glycolysis or the electron transport chain or observe how fatty acids are oxidized.
Are you a medical student struggling to keep up with the intense demands of biochemistry? You are not alone. The good news is that with the right approach and a slightly different mindset, you can become one of those students who prefer biochemistry to the other two preclinical courses. Don’t forget that biochemistry is an important part of international exams like USMLE, PEBC, etc. In this article, we will discuss ways to study biochemistry effectively.
Learn the Basics
When trying to overcome any task, mastering the basics is the best place to start. With biochemistry, the basics are the structures and functions of macromolecules – carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Everything else in biochemistry stems from the proper understanding and manipulation of these four macromolecules. So, if you’re going to understand the course, get families with these four.
Let’s use carbohydrates as a case study. Learn the different kinds, the basic and most important ones, which are glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Learn about the bonds within carbohydrates and what happens when these bonds are built or severed. It is also really helpful to relate biochemistry topics to biology. It makes things a little less abstract.
For example, if you’re reading about proteins, don’t just stop at the structure and the chemical characteristics. Take it a step further and read about their functions, where they can be found in the body, what happens when proteins are deficient in certain areas, and so on. Applying biochemistry to human or plant anatomy shines a new light on the course.
After you’ve learned about the basic macromolecules, you’ll see that everything else in biochemistry comes from this knowledge. You can go on to learn about other molecules like vitamins, hormones, glycoproteins, and other signaling molecules. If you can get past how annoying their structures can be, you’ll be fascinated by how important they are in keeping us alive!
It’s Okay if You Don’t Master Pathways at First Glance
One thing about biochemistry that deters people is the numerous pathways. Some pathways are relatively easier, like the urea pathway, which is pretty straightforward. But others, like the formation of Nucleic Acids or Krebs cycle, can be very intimidating, and that’s okay. Just remember that you’re not expected to learn these pathways at first glance. Even your biochemistry professor most likely did not master all the pathways the first time they were taught.
Mastery of pathways takes practice, so don’t be discouraged if you have to keep drawing pathways over and over again. Cut yourself some slack, especially when it comes to pathways with many steps and enzymes. The more times you draw out the pathways, the easier it will be for you to recall each step. You’ll start noticing patterns and will even be able to guess the following steps from the enzyme name or vice versa. Just keep at it.
As you memorize your pathways, remember to take note of the rate-limiting steps and rate-limiting enzyme of each pathway. Also take note of what steps are reversible, which ones are not, or which ones are favored or inhibited under certain conditions.
Do Not Procrastinate
Much of what you must know in biochemistry has to be memorized, and remember that it takes time to memorize concepts, so procrastinating till the last minute is a huge disservice to yourself. Not only will you get overwhelmed, but you’ll also be less efficient and productive. Regardless of how hard it is, be diligent with drawing your pathways. Don’t pile things up because there is no way that ends well.
The earlier you start, the more you know.
Use Flashcards and Mnemonics
It is almost impossible to remember everything without using flashcards or mnemonics – not the 20 amino acids and their respective structures or each consecutive step of every pathway that exists. Using flashcards or mnemonics makes it all easier. There are some pretty standard mnemonics for certain concepts, but you can always come up with your own or have one unique for you and your friends. It could even be an inside joke. Remember that the sillier the mnemonic, the more likely it is that you remember it. It doesn’t have to make much sense; it just has to work.
Use YouTube
Biochemistry is not a course where you can fly solo – you need all the help you can get. And a great place to get this help is YouTube. There are so many great and free resources on that app. Try out channels like Khan Academy, Lecturio, Ninja Nerd, AK Lectures, or The Organic Chemistry Tutor. The amazing thing about learning from these channels is that you can pause the lecture and think about something until it sinks in, rewind and listen to a part of the lesson repeatedly, or watch the video at an increased speed if the lecture is going too slowly for you.
Get Familiar with Biochemistry Terms
If you have a good understanding of biochemistry nomenclature, you’ll find a lot of things easier to grasp. Some suffixes are recurrent in biochemistry, for example, “-lysis,” “-ase,” or “-ose.” Each of these has its own meaning, and knowing these meanings will make things easier for you. In the same vein, some enzyme names give away their function, such as dehydrogenase enzymes, ligase enzymes, lyase enzymes, reductases, oxidases, etc.
The more familiar you get with these terms and their meanings, the less biochemistry seems like sorcery.
Conclusion
Biochemistry is daunting, no doubt, but its level of difficulty is often exaggerated. You just need tips and a new perspective, and we hope you’ve gotten those from reading this article. Good luck! Remember that CanadaQBank has numerous resources that can help you work out your biochemistry.